| Volume 8, Number 4, October 2011 |
From the Double-Ten Uprising (1911)
to Sun Yat-Sen in Nanjing (1912)
by 魏白蒂 Wei Peh T’i |
Sun Yat-sen and the Second
International
by Paul B. Spooner |
Time has arrived to mark the centennial of the 10th October 1911 Wuchang uprising which had led to the establishment of the Chinese Republic on 1st January 1912, with the provisional government sited in Nanjing and Dr. Sun Yat-sen as president.
The Wuchang Uprising and the Revolution of 1911
In several respects the Wuchang uprising on 10th October 1911 was different from the ten previous insurrections by followers of Sun Yat-sen to topple the Qing dynasty. It took place in Central China, along the Yangzi river and at the terminus of one of China’s new railroad lines, therefore was of greater strategic importance than previous uprisings in remote South and Southwest China. Of even greater significance was the fact that the Wuchang insurgents succeeded in overthrowing the provincial authorities, enabling Hubei to secede from the Qing by declaring “independence” and by replacing the Beijing-appointed official with a military governor of the insurgents’ own choosing. Within seven weeks, sixteen of the eighteen provinces seceded. Before Nanjing...
[ Read more ] |
WHAT was Sun Yat-sen’s relationship to the powerful Second Socialist International that was fully operational and monopolized the global Socialist movement between 1889 and 1917? While it operated from a Brussels base with members that ranged from Fabian Socialists through to Anarchists and Bolsheviks, ground-breaking revolts exploded in Russia (1905), Turkey (1908-9), Portugal (1910), Mexico (1910), and China (1911). By 1917 and prior to the creation of the Third International, the grand-daddy of all revolutions, the Russian Revolution would be launched by key leaders of the Second International and at least partially financed through its conduits.
Of prime concern is the fact that Sun’s biographies often fail to place in historic context Sun’s 1904-5 trip through the United States to Europe, which laid the basis for the creation of the 同盟會 Tong Meng Hui (TMH) in August 1905. Importantly, Sun’s trip came as the Russo-Japanese War triggered Russia’s first great social revolution in January of 1905 on “Bloody Sunday” when hundreds of...[ Read more ] |
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| Issue 8.4 |
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The Double-Ten
Uprising
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